Guide
The basic rule
Black (hot) to brass, white (neutral) to silver, bare ground to green. The brass side feeds the shorter slot and the silver side the taller slot. Swapping them (reversed polarity) still powers most devices, but it’s a shock hazard and outlet testers flag it.
Pigtails vs. daisy-chaining
An outlet in the middle of a run can pass power through its two sets of screws, but a pigtail (short wire from a wire nut to the outlet) is more reliable. Downstream outlets stay powered if this one loosens or is removed. Pigtails are required for the shared neutral of a multiwire branch circuit.
Half-switched outlets
To control one half with a wall switch, break off the small metal tab between the two brass screws. Leave the silver-side tab alone. The switched hot goes to one brass screw and the constant hot to the other.