Guide
LINE vs. LOAD
The LINE terminals take incoming power from the breaker panel. The LOAD terminals feed other outlets that you want the GFCI to protect. New GFCIs ship with yellow tape over LOAD: leave it on if you aren’t protecting anything downstream. If power is connected to LOAD by mistake, a modern GFCI won’t reset.
Which wires are LINE?
With two cables in the box, only one brings power. Separate the wires with the breaker off, cap them, turn the breaker back on and test each black wire with a non-contact tester. The live one goes to LINE. If you aren’t comfortable testing live circuits, this is a good job for an electrician.
Where GFCI protection is required
The NEC requires GFCI protection for 125 V receptacles in bathrooms, kitchens (countertops and more), garages, outdoors, unfinished basements, crawl spaces, laundry areas and within 6 feet of sinks, with the details depending on your code edition.
No ground wire?
A GFCI may replace an ungrounded two-prong outlet. Mark it and any protected downstream outlets “No Equipment Ground” using the stickers in the box (NEC 406.4(D)(2)).